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Introducción: La caries dental es una enfermedad que afecta a gran parte de la población mundial por lo que una vacuna para combatirla es el objetivo de este siglo, muchos investigadores están trabajando en vacunas de ADN con adyuvantes como: péptidos sintéticos, con subunidades no tóxicas de E. coli, con liposomas, microcápsulas y micropartículas, vacunas recombinadas; que prometen excelentes resultados en ensayos clínicos.


Objetivo: Efectuar una descripción general de la evidencia disponible sobre la efectividad de las vacunas contra la caries dental.


Datos: La búsqueda inicial abarcó 1988 artículos, de los cuales se seleccionaron 23 para esta revisión, distribuidos 65.21% en Asia, 26.08% en Norteamérica, el 4.34% en Europa, 4.34% en Sudamérica.


Fuentes: Se realizó una extensa búsqueda electrónica en las bases de datos: Pubmed, Proquest, Sage Journals, Ovid, Science Direct, Epistemonikos, Medline, Google Scholar, Cochrane, Scopus, Taylor and Francis online, Web of Science, Base, Springer, Research gate, Healey Library, Lilacs, Redalyc, Scielo, Dialnet


Conclusión: existen varias investigaciones realizadas que han brindado “potenciales” vacunas contra la caries dental, han demostrado eficacia inmunitaria mediante ensayos clínicos en ratones de laboratorio arrojando resultados prometedores, gran capacidad de producir respuestas inmunitarias, se ha puesto énfasis especial en la administración intranasal por sus beneficios y mínima citotoxicidad, sin embargo, existe escasa información referente a pruebas en humanos por lo que se debe redirigir esfuerzos y recursos en la búsqueda de la inmunización contra la caries dental.


Palabras clave:


Dental caries, Dental decay, Anti-caries, Vaccine, Immunization.

Darío Pérez Pambi, Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Facultad de Odontología, Cuenca, Ecuador.

Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Facultad de Odontología, Cuenca, Ecuador.

Jonathan Gerardo Ortiz Tejedor , Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Bacteriología y Micología, Cuenca, Ecuador.

 

Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Bacteriología y Micología, Cuenca, Ecuador.

Bioquímico Farmacéutico, Master en Bacteriología y Micología

Miriam Fernanda Ortega López , 3Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Odontopediatría, Cuenca, Ecuador.

Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Odontopediatría, Cuenca, Ecuador.

Especialista en Docencia Clínica Odontológica, Especialista en Odontopediatría

Ronald Roossevelt Ramos Montiel

Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Facultad de Odontología, Departamento de Ortodoncia, Cuenca, Ecuador.

Especialista en Ortodoncia.

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Received 2022-04-11
Accepted 2022-12-04
Published 2022-12-09